EGG DROP EGGSTRAVAGANZA

BY: FELIX N.
Every day people’s lives depend on how we deal with momentum. It is important that we know what to do to increase the time of impact thus decreasing force. Whether it’s a single stunt man or a jumbo jet with 150 people onboard momentum plays a huge role.
Describe your egg case.

My egg case is constructed of K’NEX, as the structure, and rubber bands, to act as shock absorbers and increase the time of time of impact. 

WHAT IS MOMENTUM
Why did the egg cases have approximately the same ∆p when they hit the ground?

Momentum is a measure of how hard it is to stop something. Mass is directly proportional to momentum, therefore if you increase mass you increase momentum. So if an object has more mass it will be harder to stop. For example if you put on a backpack filled with heavy books and ran towards a friend the backpack would add to your mass. So you would be harder to stop. If an object is not moving it does not have momentum.

When the egg cases hit the ground the all had approximately the same Dp. That is because they all had about the same mass [before the drop was preformed we all weighed are cases on pounds scale and then we converted it into kilograms] and they were all about 2 kilograms. They were all within 2 feet by 2 feet by 2 feet so there was about the same amount of air resistance. The all hit the earth and the Earth has an imponderably large mass. So when the cases collided with the Earth the Earth had some movement but that movement was so small that it could not be measured by anything. After the impact the velocity of the cases went from about twenty meters per second to zero meters per second. At rest the object has no momentum. If an object is not moving it does not have momentum.
What is impulse?
Why did all of the egg cases have approximately the same impulse?

Impulse is change in momentum. J stands for impulse, P stands for momentum and this D (a delta symbol) means change. So in the form of a formula J=DP. on most occasions the impulse is not greater than the momentum at impact. BUT if the impulse is greater than the momentum then the object will bounce. The reason is that it will bounce is that the impulse is so great that it can stop the object then push it back up, using Newton’s third law [an explanation of Newton’s third law can be found here Newton's Third Law Explination] An example would be a bouncy ball. It is small, light and has air pockets in side so it has a small mass therefore small momentum. And the large mass of the Earth creates a large impulse pushing the ball back up pretty high.

The reason that all of the impulses were approximately the same impulse is because they all hit very similar surfaces so the mass of the area that the hit was about the same. And all the masses of the cases were about the same also. Plus the initial height      (the height they were dropped from) was about the same for all the cases. So since gravity pulls the same on every object as a variable is g (which stands for the pull of gravity) = 9.8 for all objects now it is implied that the objects all had about the same speed at the time of impact.

If all of the egg cases had the same impulse, what varied thithe each eg case? Why?

The things that varied between each case were what were installed in the egg case to increase the time of impact. If you increase the time something is in contact with something else it will either lessen or greaten the force applied on an object. An example would be if a boxer were to move his back with the punch it would increase the time of impact and lessen the Fapp (force applied), in this case the ground hitting the egg case. We can say that ti (time of impact) is inversely proportional to Fapp. If we have a big ti then we have a smaller Fapp. 

ti= Fapp

 
Did my egg brake? Why?

My egg broke because when I dropped my case it hit some bushes. The bushes pushed my case onto the concrete side ways. First off because the concrete les give than the muddy grass that was the first thing that decreased the time of impact there for increasing Fapp. Second the bushes put the spin on the case and it landed side ways so that my shock absorbers could not increase the time of impact. Also the case accelerated sideways flinging the case within the case come of the tracks and smash into the concrete.
Reflectuon on my design as a scientist or engineer would. How could I improve my design? What new design materials would I try in the future?

If I could redo this experiment I would want to try it on apart where there are no bushes blocking the ground. If I had to change any thing I would add a wider base to the case and add padding to the sides and top.
How I could use what I learned from the activity in real world situations?

Have you ever seen a movie where a person jumps off a building? Well the real star there is not the actor or actress it is the man of stage doing complicated math all day figuring out how much air has to be in the airbag at the bottom of the building to bake sure that person doesn’t die.The people the design hockey pads really have to know how to do there job. Pro hokey players have to take hits from an 8oz. object flying at up to 145 kilometers per hour.Lets say two cars collide head on with each other and about 70 mph each. In order to give the people behind the wheels a chance there are four main things. The cars would both experience a large impulse so the would probably bounce apart (that’s known as an inelastic collision). First of the large, bulky and massive engine absorbs most of the impact. Next the bodies would keep moving and the seat belt would hopefully stop the body from hitting the hard metal dashboard. The next action that would take place would be that the airbag would deploy and try to stop your head from moving. The next and last precaution taken to prevent severe head trauma and death is the padded dashboard. Designed by car companies, the inside of the dashboard is foam. That foam is meant to increase the time of impact and decrease the Fapp on your head.

The blue player is an impulse and it hits the red player. The blue player had more momentum so he kept moving forward along with the red player.

The ball had a greater mass therefore a greater momentum. With such a largemomentum the ball crushed the car.

The car's large mass gave it a large momentum. Then it was able to break through the house.